Comme le rappelle l’article 16 de l

Comme le rappelle l’article 16 de la Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen du 26 août 1789, « Toute société dans laquelle la garantie des droits n'est pas assurée, ni la séparation des pouvoirs déterminée, n'a point de Constitution ».

Ce texte signifie que la Constitution a pour objet et pour fonction de :
•garantir les droits et libertés des personnes
•déterminer la séparation des pouvoirs entre l’exécutif (gouvernement), le législatif et le judiciaire.

A ce titre, la Constitution ne doit pas faire l’objet de réformes de circonstances, dictées par l’émotion, mais de retouches précédées d’une réflexion approfondie, s’agissant du texte qui sert de socle à tout notre système juridique.

En l’occurrence, on pourrait avancer que l’exécutif envisage de détourner les objectifs constitutionnels précités concernant l’état d’urgence.

Ainsi, la révision constitutionnelle envisagée prévoit la création d’un article 36-1 qui serait rédigé en ces termes :

« L'état d'urgence est déclaré en conseil des ministres, sur tout ou partie du territoire de la République, soit en cas de péril imminent résultant d'atteintes graves à l'ordre public, soit en cas d'évènements présentant, par leur nature et leur gravité, le caractère de calamité publique.

« La loi fixe les mesures de police administrative que les autorités civiles peuvent prendre pour prévenir ce péril ou faire face à ces évènements.

« La prorogation de l'état d'urgence au-delà de douze jours ne peut être autorisée que par la loi. Celle-ci en fixe la durée. »

Si l’incorporation de l’état d’urgence dans la Constitution n’est pas nécessairement choquante en soi, dans la mesure où celle-ci prévoit déjà l’état de siège (article 36) et les pouvoirs exceptionnels accordés au Président de la République (article 16), le deuxième alinéa du projet de révision me semble plus problématique.

結果 (英語) 1:

As recalled by article 16 of the Declaration of the rights of man and of the citizen of 26 August 1789, "any company in which the guarantee of rights is not assured, nor the separation of powers determined, has no Constitution".This text means that the Constitution has for object and function of: •ensure the rights and freedoms of individuals•to determine the separation of powers between the Executive (Government), the legislature and the judiciary.Accordingly, the Constitution must not subject to circumstances, dictated by emotion, but preceded by a reflection alterations, reforms with regard to the text that serves as a base for our entire legal system.In this case, it could be argued that the Executive plans to divert the aforementioned constitutional objectives concerning the State of emergency.Thus, the proposed constitutional revision foresees the creation of a 36-1 article which would read as follows:"The State of emergency is declared in Council of Ministers, on all or part of the territory of the Republic, either in the event of imminent danger resulting from serious public order offences, or in the event of events introducing, by their nature and seriousness, the character of public calamity."The law establishes measures of administrative police that civilian authorities can take to prevent this risk or cope with these events."The extension of the State of emergency beyond 12 days may be authorized by law. It fixes the duration. »If the incorporation of State of emergency in the Constitution is not necessarily shocking in itself, insofar as it already provides the State of siege (article 36) and the exceptional powers granted to the President of the Republic (article 16), the second paragraph of the draft revision seems more problematic.

結果 (英語) 2:

As stated in Article 16 of the Declaration of Human and Civic Rights of 26 August 1789, "Any society in which the guarantee of rights is not assured, nor the separation of powers, has developed . Constitution "This text means that the Constitution has the object and function of: • ensuring the rights and freedoms of • determining the separation of powers between the executive (Government), the legislature and the judiciary. As such, the Constitution should not be subject to circumstances of reforms dictated by emotion, but alterations preceded by careful thought, regarding the text that serves as the foundation for all our legal system. In this case, . that the executive could advance plans to divert the above constitutional objectives regarding the state of emergency Thus, the proposed constitutional amendment provides for an article 36-1 which would be worded as follows: "The state of emergency is declared by the Cabinet on all or part of the territory of the Republic, or in cases of imminent danger resulting from serious breaches of public order, or in the case of events presenting, by their nature and gravity The public calamity character. "The law establishes the administrative police measures that civilian authorities can take to prevent this risk or to deal with these events." The extension of the state of emergency beyond twelve days only may be authorized by law. This fixed duration. "If the incorporation of a state of emergency in the Constitution is not necessarily shocking in itself, since the latter already provides for the state of siege (Article 36) and the exceptional powers granted to the President of the Republic (Article 16), the second paragraph of the draft revision seems problematic to me.

結果 (英語) 3:

as stated in article 16 of the declaration of the rights of man and the citizen of 26 august 1789, a society in which the rights are not ensured, nor the separation of powers defined, has no constitution "." this text means that the constitution has the object and function: - guarantee of the rights and freedoms of individuals.- determine the division of powers between the executive (government), the legislature and the judiciary. "as such, the constitution must not be dictated by the changes of circumstances, emotions, but changes with depth, with regard to the text which is integral to our legal system (a) in this case.it could be argued that the executive intends to take the constitutional goals mentioned above with regard to the state of emergency. "thus, the revision of the constitution provides for the creation of a proposed article 36 (1), which would read as follows:" the state of emergency was declared by the council of ministers, on all or part of the territory of the republic.in cases of imminent danger resulting from serious violations of public order or in case of events which, by their nature and severity, the character of a public calamity. "the act defines the administrative police measures that authorities can take to prevent this risk or deal with these events.
the extension of the state of emergency beyond 12 days may be authorized by law. it lays down the period "." if the incorporation of the state of emergency in the constitution is not necessarily disturbing in itself, since it already provides for the state of siege (article 36) and the emergency powers granted to the president of the republic (article 16).the second preambular paragraph of the draft revision seems more problematic. "